Why Big Fr and Hungry F

1. Francium is the biggest element with the with the lowest IE and EN. Francium has the largest atomic radius, which means that the electrons are futher away from the nucleus. It has the largest atomic radius because of its placement on the periodic table. The bottom left corner of the periodic table have bigger atoms than atoms in the upper right corner. Vertically, francium has the most number of shells. And from right to left, it has fewer protons, which has a weaker attraction to its electrons. The electrons aren't that attracted to the nucleus, it's easy for the electrons to be pulled away. Since francium is in the first column, it has only one valence electron. It doesn't have a full valence shell. Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom. Since the atom is big, the electrons have a weak attraction to the nucleus, it has a low IE. Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to gain electrons from other atoms. Because of the weak attraction to the nucleus, francium has the lowest EN. It's easy for electrons to be gained.

2. Helium is the smallest atom with the highest IE. Helium is the smallest atom on the periodic table because it's in the upper left corner. The electrons are closer to the nucleus which gives helium the small atomic radius. Helium has the highest IE because it takes more energy to remove an electron from the atom. The attraction of the electrons to the nucleus is the strongest of all the elements, therefore, it has the highest IE.


3. Noble gases don't have EN values because of their stability. Their valence shell is full of valence electrons. Noble gases have eight electrons on their valence shell, which makes a full shell. Since they have a full shell, they don't need or want to gain any more electrons. So their EN is undefined.

4. Flourine has the highest EN value because it's the smallest element, disregarding the noble gases. It has the fewest number of shells and more protons so it attracts its electrons, making it small. Small atoms have highest EN. Since flourine is the smallest element besides the noble gases, it has the highest EN.